Books
Entry for a basic book by a single
author characteristically has three main divisions: Author. Title.
Publication information.
Structure: Author. Title.
Place of Publication: publisher, copyright date.
Single
author example:
Wilson, Frank R. The Hand: How
Its Use Shapes the Brain, Language,
and
Human Culture. New York:
Pantheon, 1998.
Two
or more authors example:
Marquart, James W., Sheldon Ekland
Olson, and Jonathan R.
Sorensen.
The Rope, the Chair, and the Needle:
Capital
Punishment
in Texas, 1923-1990. Austin:
U of Texas P, 1994.
Single
Book, Editor
Hawkers, Jacquette, ed. The
World of Art. 3rd ed. New York:
Alfred A. Knopf, 1963.
Single Book, Corporate Author (a commission, an association or any group
whose individual members
are not identified):
American
Medical Association. The American Medical
Association Family
Medical Guide. Rev. ed. New York:
Random, 1987.
Single Book, No Author:
A
Guide to Our Federal Lands. Washington: Natl. Geographic
Soc., 1984.
Two
or More Books by the Same Author:
Give the name in the first entry
only. Thereafter, in place of the name, type three hyphens, followed by a period
and the title. If the person named edited, translated, or compiled the book,
place a comma (not a period) after the hyphens, and write the appropriate
abbreviation (ed., trans., or comp.) before the title.
Durant,
Will, and Ariel Durant. The Age of Voltaire. New
York: Simon, 1965.
---. A Dual Autobiography. New York: Simon, 1977.
Gilbert, Sandra M. Emily's Bread: Poems. New York:
Norton, 1984.
---. Ghost Volcano: Poems. New York: Norton,
1984.
Encyclopedia or Other Multivolume Work
Treat an encyclopedia article
or a dictionary entry as you would a piece in a collection, but do not cite the
editor
of the Encyclopedia.
Structure: Author. “Title of article.” Title of Encyclopedia.
Edition or copyright date.
Signed
Article:
Woolrych, Austin. “Cromwell, Oliver.” Encyclopedia
Britannica. 15th ed.
1999.
Unsigned
Article:
“Africa.”
Encyclopedia Americana. 1999
ed.
Structure: Treat a pamphlet as you would a book.
Renoir Lithographs. New York: Dover, 1994.
For documentation, there are three kinds of
interviews: Published or recorded; broadcast on television or radio and
conducted by the researcher.
Structure: Name of interviewee, Kind of
Interview. Day Month Year.
Blackmun, Harry. Interview with Ted Koppel and Nina Totenberg.
Nightline. ABC. WABC, New York. 5 Apr. 1994.
Interview
that you conducted: Give the
name of the person interviewed, the kind of interview and the date.
Couric, Katie. Personal interview.
22 Mar. 1999.
Cahill, Barry. Telephone interview. 4 May 2000.
Press
Releases
Structure:
“Title or Subject/Topic or Name.” Issuing agent.
Press release. Day Month Year.
“Dole Campaign Roars past $20 Million Mark.” 1995 Dole for
President,
Inc. Press release, 16 October 1995.
Lectures,
Speeches, & Addresses
Structure:
Speaker. “Title of Lecture” (if known) in quotation marks. The meeting
and the sponsoring organization (if applicable). Location. Day Month Year. If
there is no title, use an appropriate descriptive label (lecture, address,
keynote speech) neither underlined nor enclosed in quotation marks.
Atwood,
Margaret. “Silencing the Scream.” Boundaries of the
Imagination
Forum. MLA Convention. Royal York Hotel, Toronto.
29
Dec. 1993.
Terkel,
Studs. Address. Conf. on Coll. Composition and Communication
Convention. Palmer House,
Chicago. 22 Mar. 1990.
Magazines
Structure:
Author. “Title of Article.” Magazine Title Day Month
Year: Page(s).
Abbreviate months except for May, June, and July. If the article
is not printed on consecutive pages, write only the
first page number and a plus
sign. Don’t include volume and issue numbers.
Magazine Article with Author:
Armstrong,
Larry, Dori Jones Yang, and Alice Cuneo. “The Learning
Revolution: Technology Is Reshaping
Education—at Home and
at School." Business
Week 28 Feb. 1994: 80-88.
Magazine Article with No Author:
“The
Decade of the Spy.” Newsweek 7 Mar. 1994: 26-27.
Newspapers
Structure:
Author. “Title of Article.” Newspaper Title (Omit any
introductory title. For example, New York Times, not The New York
Times. If the city is not included in the title, add the city in square
brackets Idaho Statesman [Boise]. For nationally published newspapers
such as USA Today, don’t include the city.) Day Month Year: Page(s).
Abbreviate months except for May, June, and July. If the article is not printed
on consecutive pages, write only the first page number and a plus sign. Remember
to include section (e.g., A1, B6). Don’t include volume and issue numbers.
If an edition is named, add a comma after the date and specify the
edition (e.g., natl. ed., late ed.). It’s important to state the edition.
Different editions of the same issue of a newspaper contain different material.
Newspaper Article with Author:
Lohr,
Steve. “Now Playing: Babes in Cyberspace.” New York Times 3 Apr.
1998, late ed.: Cl+.
Newspaper Article without Author:
“Land
Deal Protects Seattle Watershed, Trout Habitat.” Idaho
Statesman [Boise] 14 Apr. 2000: 5B.
SIRS
Researcher
Structure:
Author. “Title of Article.” Magazine, newspaper, or document title.
Day Month Year: Page number(s). Volume Title. Editor if any.
Vol. Number. City of publication: Publisher, publishing date. Article Number.
Edmondson,
Brad. “AIDS and Aging.” American Demographics. Mar.
1990:
28+. The AIDS Crisis. Ed. Eleanor Goldstein. Vol. 2. Boca
Raton: SIRS, 1991. Art. 24.
Television
& Radio Programs:
The
information in an entry for a television or radio program usually appears in the
following order:
1. Title of the episode or segment (in quotation marks)
2. Title of the program (underlined)
3. Title of the series
4. Name of the network
5. Call letters and city of the local station
6. Broadcast date
If director, narrator, or producer is pertinent, include information as
illustrated below:
The
Buccaneers. By Edith Wharton. Adapt. Maggie Wadey. Perf.
Mira Sorvino, Alison Elliott, and Carla Gugino. 3 episodes.
Masterpiece Theater. Introd. Russell Baker. PBS. WGBH,
Boston. 27 Apr. 11. -May 1997.
"Death
and Society." Narr. Joanne Silberner. Weekend Edition
Sunday.
Natl. Public Radio. WUWM, Milwaukee. 25 Jan. 1998.
"Frankenstein:
The making of the Monster." Great Books. Narr.
Donald Sutherland. Writ. Eugenie Vink. Dir. Jonathan Ward.
Learning Channel. 8 Sept. 1993.
Films
Structure: Title. Director.
Distributor. Release Date (if relevant). The medium before the name of the
distributor. Include other data that seem pertinent—such as writer(s),
performer(s), and producer—between title and distributor. When citing the
contribution of a particular individual, begin with that person’s name.
It’s
a Wonderful Life. Dir. Frank Capra. Perf. James Stewart, Donna
Reed, Lionel Barrymore, and Thomas Mitchell. RKO 1946.
Chaplin,
Charles, dir. Modern Times. Perf. Chaplin and Paulette
Goddard. United Artists, 1936.
Filmstrips,
Videocassettes, DVDs, Laser Discs & Slides
Same as films, but include the original release date (if relevant) also include
the medium before the distributor.
Hitchcock, Alfred, dir. Suspicion. Perf. Cary Grant and Joan Fontaine.
1941.
Laser disc. Turner, 1995.
Writing Advice
Citing Printed Sources
Citing
Electronic Sources
* A
Sample of a List of Works Cited Page
